NASA-funded project (2005-2008): Testing the flux tower upscaling hypothesis in a complex landscape Paul Bolstad, PI, University of MN, St. Paul Contact information: Nick Saliendra Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station 5985 Hwy K Rhinelander, WI 54501 Telephone: 715-362-1127 Fax: 715-362-1166 E-mail: nsaliendra@fs.fed.us, nickzs1@gmail.com http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/units/iaes/ Flux Measurements with Roving Eddy Covariance LI-7500 open-path IRGA, CSAT3 3-D sonic anemometer, & CR1000 data logger with CF card Study site: South Fork (SF), ericaceous bog, dominated by labrador tea, leather-leaf, sphagnum moss Coordinates, degrees.decimal: 45.92493313 N, 90.13066936 W (NAD83, Zone 15) Filename: SFyyyy_flux-micromet.CSV (comma separated values) SF - South Fork, yyyy - four digit year of measurements Column Variable Description 1 Year Year of measurements 2 DoY Day of year (Julian day) 3 fDoY DoY + LST/24 4 Mo Month 5 Day Day of the month 6 LST Local standard time 7 C Carbon flux, umol CO2 m-s s-1 8 H Sensible heat flux, W m-2 9 LE Latent heat flux, W m-2 10 fv Friction velocity (or u*), m s-1 11 S Storage flux for carbon, umol CO2 m-2 s-1 S = (((c_tpls1 - c_tmns1)*22.7)/(3600))*3, where c_tpls1 is the mean CO2 density at t+1 (30 minutes after) c_tmns1 is the mean CO2 density at t-1 (30 minutes before) the factor, 22.7, converts mg to umol CO2 3600 s is the time difference from t-1 to t+1 3 m is the height of eddy-covariance sensors 12 NEE Net ecosystem exchange for carbon, umol CO2 m-2 s-1, NEE = C + S 13 modER Modeled ecosystem respiration (ER), umol CO2 m-2 s-1 * Model ecosystem respiration (modER) by deployment of roving EC system; IF 145 <= DoY < 161 THEN Dep = 1; IF 161 <= DoY < 176 THEN Dep = 2; IF 176 <= DoY < 193 THEN Dep = 3; IF 193 <= DoY < 214 THEN Dep = 4; IF 214 <= DoY < 229 THEN Dep = 5; IF 229 <= DoY < 245 THEN Dep = 6; IF 245 <= DoY < 261 THEN Dep = 7; IF 261 <= DoY < 279 THEN Dep = 8; IF 279 <= DoY <= 295 THEN Dep = 9; Kair = Tair + 273.15; K0avg = Ts0avg + 273.15; IF Dep = 1 THEN modER = 2.6413*EXP(135.6*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF Dep = 2 THEN modER = 2.3998*EXP(202.3*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF Dep = 3 THEN modER = 3.2165*EXP(107.8*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF Dep = 4 THEN modER = 3.9147*EXP(171.9*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF Dep = 5 THEN modER = 2.7980*EXP(142.5*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); * all season; IF Dep = 6 THEN modER = 3.1171*EXP(201.5*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF Dep = 7 THEN modER = 2.7980*EXP(142.5*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); * all season; IF Dep = 8 THEN modER = 2.5796*EXP(218.1*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF Dep = 9 THEN modER = 2.3218*EXP(165.6*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF DoY < 121 THEN modER = 3.2047*EXP(343.7*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(K0avg-227.13)))); IF 121 <= DoY < 145 THEN modER = 2.3076*EXP(217.8*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(Kair-227.13)))); IF DoY > 295 THEN modER = 3.2047*EXP(343.7*((1/(283.15-227.13)-1/(K0avg-227.13)))); 14 modGEP Modeled gross ecosystem production, umol CO2 m-2 s-1 modGEP = (alpha*PARumol*GEPopt)/SQRT(GEPopt**2+(alpha*PARumol)**2) daily parameters, alpha and GEPopt, were gap-filled by smoothing the observed parameters 15 modNEE Modeled NEE = modER - modGEP, umol CO2 m-2 s-1 16 GEP Calculated GEP = modER - NEE, umol CO2 m-2 s-1 17 fillGEP Calculated GEP gap-filled with modeled GEP, umol CO2 m-2 s-1 18 fillER Night-time NEE (or ER) gap-filled with modeled ER, umol CO2 m-2 s-1 19 fillNEE NEE gap-filled with modeled NEE, umol CO2 m-2 s-1 20 P_avg Atmospheric pressure (kPa) from LI-7500 gap-filled with measurements from Willow Creek 21 WDir Wind direction (degrees) from CSAT3 gap-filled with measurements from Willow Creek 22 WSpd Wind speed (m s-1) from CSAT3 gap-filled with measurements from Willow Creek 23 Tair Air temperature (C) measured at a height of 3 m, gap-filled with Tair measurements (at 80 ft) from Willow Creek 24 RH Relative humidity (%) measured at a height of 3 m, gap-filled with RH measurements (at 80 ft) from Willow Creek 25 Precip Total precipitation (mm) measured from nearby clearcut site at Riley Creek, gap-filled with precipitation measurements from Willow Creek 26 PARumol Photosynthetically ctive radiation, umol m-2 s-1, gap-filled with PAR measurements (at 97 ft) from Willow Creek 27 Ts0avg Soil temperature (C) at the ground (water) surface, gap-filled via linear regression with surface Tsoil measurements from Willow Creek 28 Ts10avg Soil temperature (C) at 10 cm depth, gap-filled via polynomial regression with 10-cm depth Tsoil measurements from Willow Creek 29 Ts20avg Soil temperature (C) at 20 cm depth, gap-filled via polynomial regression with 20-cm depth Tsoil measurements from Willow Creek 30 Ts30avg Soil temperature (C) at 30 cm depth, gap-filled via linear regression with 20-cm depth Tsoil measurements from Willow Creek 31 Ts50avg Soil temperature (C) at 50 cm depth, gap-filled via linear regression with 50-cm depth Tsoil measurements from Willow Creek 32 H2O_WF Surface water height (cm above surface) at the study site (not gap-filled) 33 LWREPP Hourly long wave radiation (Eppley, W m-2) from the North Temperate Lakes LTER meteorological station, Woodruff Airport 34 SWREPP Hourly short wave radiation (Eppley, W m-2) from the North Temperate Lakes LTER meteorological station, Woodruff Airport 35 SWRLIC Hourly short wave radiation (Li-Cor, W m-2) from the North Temperate Lakes LTER meteorological station, Woodruff Airport 36 VPD Vapor pressure deficit (kPa) of the air from saturation