Citation: SMS Help System


Contents
Campbell Scientific
Storage Module Software

Help Contents

Getting Started - General Introduction

What SMS is and what it will do.

Preparing the Software
Connecting your hardware and setting up communications ready for use.

Using SMS
How to use SMS.

Navigating the SMS Screens - Click on one of the module names below.
CSM1/MCR1
SM192/716
PC Card
SM4M/SM16M

Using the Menu Bar
Using the Main Screen Menu Bar.

Terminology
A list of terms used in the SMS software.


Information
Getting Started - General Information

The Campbell Scientific SMS package allows you to quickly and easily communicate with a Storage Module and to extract data and programs from the module or memory card using your IBM Compatible computer.

The SMS program is designed for use with Campbell Scientific's Storage Modules CSM1, SM192/716, SM4M/SM16M and with card reader MCR1. The program can also be used for reading PC Cards of the same type as those used with the CSM1 module.

See Preparing to Use SMS for details of setting up your hardware and checking communications.

A Note About the SM4M and SM16M Storage Modules.
These high capacity storage modules are similar in many respects to the SM192 and SM716 modules.
The main difference is that they use Flash memory, and so do not need to use batteries, and they are capable of communicating at up to 115,200 baud, depending on the computer specification. See 'Setting the Baud Rate' for further details.

Full operational details and technical specifications for the Storage Modules can be found in the appropriate User Guides available from Campbell Scientific.

Navigating SMS Using the Keyboard
SMS is optimally designed for use with a mouse. However, all functions, screens and sub-screens can also be accessed using the keyboard.
On any of the main screens, use the 'tab' key in combination with the left and right arrow keys to move the focus to any particular part of the screen, or to move to a different main screen.
The 'internal' tabbed pages (Setup, Programs, Data, Erase, Status and Advanced) can only be accessed using the 'Tools' function on the main menu bar.
For example, go to 'Tools' on the main menu bar by pressing the Alt+T keys. A drop-down menu then displays the six available tabbed pages. Press the appropriate underlined key to go to that page - e.g. pressing 'D' will go to the Data page.


Preparation
Preparing to Use SMS

If you want to access information contained in your CSM1/MCR1, SM192/SM716 and SM4M/SM16M Storage Modules you must connect the module directly to your computer using a special Campbell Scientific cable.

See CSM1 Connections for a diagram of the CSM1 set-up and

See SM192/716 and SM4M/SM16M Connections for further details of the set-up for these modules.

Full details of the STORAGE MODULES can be found in the user guides:

'CSM1 Card Storage Module' and

'SM192/716 Storage Module'

The manual 'SC532 9-Pin Peripheral to RS232 Interface' gives details of the special interface.


Using SMS
Setting Up and Using SMS

After connecting up your storage module and computer (and possibly datalogger) using the interface unit (see Preparing to Use SMS) you are ready to test the communications link and to start using the software.

When you first start the program it will open with a Setup Screen consisting of two main parts - the COM Port Setup window and a StatusBox window, together with a number of buttons.

Every screen in SMS contains optional pop-up hints initiated by the position of the mouse on the screen. (These hints can be switched on or off by selecting Menu / Options from the Menu Bar.) Additionally there is a 'hint line' at the bottom of the main screen. Keep your eyes on these hints as they will help you to navigate and understand the software.

The first time that you use SMS with a particular module you will need to set the correct COM port settings so that communications can take place. A default COM port of number 1 and a  default baud rate speed setting is displayed at initial start-up. These can be adjusted to suit your own requirements. See Setting Baud Rates.

After the COM and BAUD RATE settings have been selected, click on the CONNECT button to establish communications.

Details of using and navigating the various screens in SMS are shown under the appropriate module:
CSM1/MCR1 Main screen
SM192/716 Main Screen
PC Card Main Screen
SM4M/SM16M Main Screen

Navigating SMS Using the Keyboard
SMS is optimally designed for use with a mouse. However, all functions, screens and sub-screens can also be accessed using the keyboard.
On any of the main screens, use the 'tab' key in combination with the left and right arrow keys to move the focus to any particular part of the screen, or to move to a different main screen.
The 'internal' tabbed pages (Setup, Programs, Data, Erase, Status and Advanced) can only be accessed using the 'Tools' function on the main menu bar.
For example, go to 'Tools' on the main menu bar by pressing the Alt+T keys. A drop-down menu then displays the six available tabbed pages. Press the appropriate underlined key to go to that page - e.g. pressing 'D' will go to the Data page.


SM192 Main Screen
SM192/SM716 Module Screen

The screen-shot has 'hot-spots' which can be clicked to give further information on various topics.
Similar screen-shots for the CSM1/MCR1, PC Card and SM4M/SM16M modules can be accessed by clicking on the appropriate tabs.


Menus
The Menu Bar

The Menu Bar appears along the top of the SMS system screen at all times and contains the following four options:

 Each of these options has an associated drop-down menu, which is accessed either by clicking on the option, or, for keyboard access, by pressing the Alt key together with the underlined character of the option required.
For example, pressing Alt+D gives the drop-down menu for Data.

Note that nearly all Menu Bar functions are available from within the SMS screens.

Click on the option name on the Menu Bar above for further information.


CSM1 Connections
CSM1/MCR1 Connections

Your CSM1 module will be supplied with an SC12 cable. To interface the CSM1/MCR1 with your computer you will need an SC532 interface. To complete the connections do the following:

1.  Plug one end of the SC512 cable into your Card Storage Module and the other end into the 9-way port of the SC532 interface.
2.  Use either an SC25 or SC25AT cable and plug one end into the 25-way connector on the SC532 and the other end into a free serial (COM) port on your computer.


SM192 Connections
SM192/SM716 and SM4M/SM16M Connections

Your storage module will be supplied with an SC12 cable. To interface the storage modules with your computer you will also need an SC532 interface. Connect as follows:

1.  Plug one end of the SC12 cable into your Storage Module and the other end into the 9-way port of the SC532 interface.
2.  Use either an SC25 or SC25AT cable and plug one end into the 25-way connector on the SC532 and the other end into a free serial (COM) port on your computer.

The storage module can also be connected directly to the CR10/10X, CR500/510 or CR23X with an SC12 cable as shown below:


Communication Ports
Setting the COM Port.

Set the COM port number to the one you are using on your computer to connect to the storage module.
This will usually be COM1 or COM2. The SMS program also supports COM3 and COM4 if your computer is fitted with these.
SMS can use any official Windows-supported COM port numbered from 1 to 4. The physical implementation of the COM port is hidden from the software. The Windows environment provides a common interface via a COM port driver, with which SMS communicates. Sometimes, however, you might have COM ports which share interrupts with other COM ports.
This can be checked by examining the 'Ports' (Settings/Advanced) setting in the Windows 'Control Panel'. A COM port sharing an interrupt with another device can prevent Windows from performing high-speed communications using that port. This shared interrupt problem would, therefore, also affect operation of SMS.

NOTE: Ensure that you have correctly configured the COM PORT setting on your computer. The 'Ports' configuration settings are accessed via the Control Panel of your Windows desktop (see Windows documentation for further details).


Baud Rate
Setting the BAUD RATE

 The default (maximum) BAUD RATE (38,400 for CSM1 and MCR1, 19,200 for SM192/SM716 and up to 115,200 for SM4M/SM16M Modules) can be adjusted to your own requirements, depending on, among other things, the speed of your communications port and computer processor speed.
Please click herefor further information if you are using a slower PC or a MAC with an SM4M or SM16M module.
When SMS reads data from the storage device it automatically performs a checksum test, and requests that bad data be re-transmitted. To signify when bad data is detected, the computer will give a beep. When SMS performs other commands, such as loading programs, if it detects a bad checksum, it reports the error, and you have to repeat the operation.
When communication errors occur, it may help if you reduce the baud rate. Possible reasons why good communications cannot be established using higher baud rates under Windows are:
*  Using cheaper network cards, or using better cards but with generic drivers rather than the specific card drivers.
*  Applications which tie-up the processor (e.g., DOS programs set to exclusive mode).
*  Applications which take a long time to load and which tie-up the processor while loading.
*  A computer without the high-speed 16550 UART FIFO, or without the UART being enabled.
*  Heavy communications applications on another port.
*  Lack of computer memory, causing the computer to do a considerable amount of hard-disk paging. If the SMS communications routines are paged to disk and take too long to load back into memory, the buffer can overflow.

If you receive many communication errors of this nature, reducing the baud rate will help because it stops the buffer filling up too quickly in situations where SMS is not able to respond to the incoming data.

To manually change the baud rate setting, select the setting by clicking on the small arrow adjacent to the baud rate window (see screenshot above). Standard baud rate figures will be shown in a table. Select a lower rate by clicking on the appropriate figure.


Baud Speeds
BAUD RATE SPEED

Clicking this arrow will display a list of standard BAUD RATE speeds from which to select.
See also Baud Rates.


Establish Communications
The Connect/Disconnect Button

This button is used to establish or break communications between the computer and storage module. When first starting a new session, click the 'Connect' button to establish communication with the storage module. When communications are established, the wording on the button will change to 'Disconnect'. Clicking on the button a second time will break the communication link and the button wording will change to 'Connect' again. If there are any problems establishing communications (e.g., incorrect port or baud rate) an appropriate message will be displayed. If there is no card or a dead card battery in a CSM1/MCR1 module, or if there is a dead battery in an external storage module, the StatusBox will display the word 'Dead' in the appropriate window, highlighted in red.

Notice the changes in the StatusBox windows to the right hand side of the screen.

It is also possible to connect to a module without clicking the Connect button. If you are not yet connected, but click on the Read button on the Programs screen, for example, communications will be automatically established and the normal reading sequence will commence.


Status
SMS - Status

A number of details of Card/Module Pointers and Values are given for each type of Storage Module in the 'StatusBox' on the right-hand side of the screen.

The information is similar, but presented slightly differently for the different module types (CSM1/MCR1, SM192/SM716 and SM4M/SM16M).

In general this information gives details of:

Free Space
Storage Reference Pointer
Display Pointer
Dump Pointer
Good Pages/Good Chips
Battery
Error Count
Programs -CSM1/MCR1 and PC Card
Programs -SM192, SM716, SM4M and SM16M
Switch Settings (for SM192/SM716)
Switch Settings (for SM4M/SM16M)

Clicking the 'Update Status' button will recheck the status and the values in the StatusBox will be updated.


Free Space

Free Space is a number indicating the number of free storage locations in the card or module.


Storage Reference Pointer

The Storage Reference Pointer (SRP) points to the location where the next data value will be written.

Note that data IS NOT WRITTEN to the storage module while SMS is running, and so the SRP will not be updated when clicking the Update button. You will first have to disconnect from SMS to allow the datalogger to write data to the storage module.
When you reconnect with SMS, any new information will then be displayed using the Update button.

See Positioning the Display Pointer and
Internal Data Formats and Pointers in Card/Module Memory for further details.


Display Pointer

The Display Pointer, or Display Location Pointer (DLP) will normally be at the beginning of the current file when the module is connected to a datalogger, but can be easily positioned anywhere within the readable area of a storage module or card to enable data to be read from the pointer position.

The Display Pointer points to the location which holds the first value which will be output in response to the 'Get One' data button in the Data Control Section of the software. If the pointer points to a filemark or start of a program, no data will be output. You must move the pointer past the filemark to get further data.

 When using the 'Get All' button, the software will automatically search for and output each successive data file on the card.

The pointer can be set to ANY desired location by using the Display Pointer position box in the Advanced section of the data control status box, either by typing in the required location or clicking on the green arrow to move the pointer to successive filemarks.

See also Internal Data Formats and Pointers in Card Memory for further details.


Dump Pointer

The Dump Pointer is an internal pointer used for keeping track of the current 'start-of-dump' for module to module data dumps. It indicates the first location from where new data should be collected. It is a function of the software to move this pointer after each successful data collection.

See Positioning the Display Pointer and
Internal Data Formats and Pointers in Card Memory
for further details.


Good Pages
Status - Good Pages/Good RAM Chips

Good Pages (CSM1/MCR1 and PC Cards)
When status checks are carried out, the card is checked for the number of 16kb pages (blocks) of memory which can be used. This number is output as the number of 'Good Pages' in the StatusBox.

Good RAM Chips (SM192/SM716)
When status checks are carried out on the Storage Module, or when it is reset, the status of the RAM chips are checked. If a bad chip is found, the Storage Module will use only the good RAM up to the point at which the bad RAM is encountered. The number of good RAM chips is indicated in the StatusBox.

Good FLASH Blocks (SM4M/SM16M)
When status checks are carried out on the Storage Module, or when it is reset, the status of the FLASH blocks are checked. If a bad block is found, the Storage Module will use only the good blocks up to the point at which the bad block is encountered. The number of good FLASH blocks is indicated in the StatusBox.


Battery
Battery Information

Displays 'OK' for a good battery,

For the CSM1/MCR1 and PC Cards the display will read 'Low' for a battery with only a small part of its capacity remaining and 'Dead'  (highlighted in red) for a battery which is close to being (or is) completely discharged. When the status is 'Low' or 'Dead' the battery should be changed without delay - see WARNING below.
If a card storage module is connected with no card in the slot, then the Battery Status display also reads 'Dead'. When a card is pushed into the slot you will need to click on the 'Update Status' button to obtain the battery status.
See also: Replacing a Card Battery and Battery Status Detection

The SM192/SM716 battery is good for a number of years when new. If the module is more than about four years old it is important that a loaded battery test is run before use in cold weather or when the module is to be left to collect data unattended for several months. The loaded battery test is carried out by clicking the 'Loaded' button  on the Advanced Status Screen. Initially the 'Loaded' test will indicate '????'. After clicking the 'Loaded' button you will be advised that the test will reduce battery life by approximately 3 minutes. Click the 'Yes' button to proceed with the test.
See also: Replacing the SM192/SM716 Battery

WARNING: SM192 and SM716 STORAGE MODULES SHOULD NORMALLY BE RETURNED TO CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC FOR BATTERY REPLACEMENT AS IMPROPER REPLACEMENT BY THE END USER MAY RESULT IN AN EXPLOSION.

NOTE: The SM4M and SM16M modules use FLASH memory and therefore do not require separate batteries.

Contact Campbell Scientific or your local dealer for further information. Also see documentation shipped with your system.


Programs SM192
Programs - SM192, SM716, SM4M and SM16M

 Clicking the Programs tag brings up the Program Control option screen.
The screen-shot shows the program selection radio buttons and program manipulation buttons.
Datalogger programs can be stored in a card or module for subsequent downloading into a datalogger. The programs are stored in the same memory available for data storage and are stored in up to eight memory locations. With the correct version of datalogger software, the program in location 8 can be automatically loaded, compiled and run in a datalogger on start-up of the datalogger. (See appropriate Storage Module manuals for more details.)
There are 8 program boxes and on a live system there will be either the word 'Used'  or  the word 'Free' on the right-hand side of each box, indicating if there is a program in that memory location.
There are also three buttons - Clear, Store  and Read. Click on a button for more details.


Error Count
Error Count and Error Messages

Error Count in the 'Card Values' or 'Module Values' section shows any errors detected during collection of a data block.

For the 'SM' Storage Modules this is a count of any communication errors, such as dropped characters, and the counter increments by one for each error.

Occasional errors can indicate that there may be electronic interference during communication. A large number might indicate a hardware fault, or a corrupt module. Re-formatting the module may cure the problem if the module has become corrupted.

For the CSM1/MCR1, error readings from 1 to 254 have the same meaning as those listed for the SM192 above. However, a card error count of 255 indicates that some of the reserved memory in the card has been corrupted in some way. As the reserved memory is used to store the various pointers to data in the card, the process of reading data from the card may be prone to errors.

If you do have a corrupted card you may be able to diagnose/recover errors using the Terminal command (accessed from the Menu Bar). See the SMS User Guide for full details of terminal communications mode.

Always carefully read any error messages produced by the system, as these may give further advice on how to cure the problem. Make a note of the exact wording of the message and any error number(s). These will be useful if you need to contact Campbell Scientific technical support.


Switch Settings

The Switch Settings box gives the status of configurable switches for the Storage Module:
These are:

1	Baud Rate Setting
2	Ring / Fill and Stop Setting
3	Mode (ASCII / Binary)
4	Module Address


Position Display Pointer
Positioning the Display Pointer

The Display Pointer, or Display Location Pointer (DLP) will normally be at the beginning of the current file when the module is connected to a datalogger, but can be easily positioned anywhere within the readable area of a storage module or card to enable data to be read from the pointer position. The Display Pointer points to the location which holds the first value which will be output in response to the 'Get One' data button in the Data Control Section of the software. If the pointer points to a filemark or start of a program, no data will be output. You must move the pointer past the filemark to get further data. When using the 'Get All' button, the software will automatically search for and output each successive data file on the card.
The pointer can be set to ANY desired location by using the Display Pointer position box in the Advanced section of the data control status box, either by typing in the required location or clicking on the green arrow to move the pointer to successive filemarks.

See also:
Filemarks
Advanced status and configuration
Get One
Get All
Show Directory


Internal Pointers
Internal Data Formats and Pointers in Card/Module Memory

Knowledge of the format in which data is stored in the card or module is not normally necessary. However, if you intend to save text files in the card or need to try to extract corrupted data it may be helpful to know the way in which data and program files are stored, and how the various pointers are written.

Full details are contained in the appropriate storage device module User Guide and may be obtained from Campbell Scientific.

See also:

Positioning the Display Pointer
Filemarks
Dump Pointer
Display Pointer
Storage Reference Pointer


Get All Data
Get All

This option collects all valid data files in the memory card or storage module and stores them to a hard (or floppy) disk, starting with the file name of XXX.DAT shown in the file name box. The way that the file name is used can be controlled from the 'Auto Name Control' selection buttons. Click on the buttons (in the screen-shot) for further details of each option.
As the files are read to the hard disk a 'progress indicator' showing the file names is displayed at the bottom right of the display.


Get New Data
Get New

This option collects new data files, starting from the position of the storage module dump pointer. This pointer marks where data was last collected from, and is automatically moved after each successful collection of data.
This option can be used to collect any new data files stored in the memory card or storage module since data was last read.
As the file is read to the hard (or floppy) disk a 'progress indicator' showing the file name is displayed at the bottom right of the display.

See also Internal Data Formats and Pointers


Get One Data File
Get One

This option collects one data file starting at the specified location of the display pointer. You can position the display pointer to any starting position required by using the appropriate Advanced Options screen.
The 'Get One Data File' option is used mainly for re-collecting old data that has already been collected, or to recover data from a corrupted card or module.
As the file is read to the hard (or floppy) disk a 'progress indicator' showing the file name is displayed at the bottom right of the display.


About
SMS Help System

This is the SMS Help System for Campbell Scientific CSM1/MCR1 Card Storage Modules, SM192/SM716 and SM4M/SM16M external Storage Modules and for use with PC Cards.

To check the Version Number of your software click Help / About when running the SMS program.

The About... box will also inform you if a valid CardServices driver has been found on your system.


Clear

Clicking the 'Clear' button will clear (erase from memory) any programs which have been selected by checking the boxes Prog 1 ..... Prog 8. After clicking the button you will be warned that all marked program files will be cleared and you will then have the opportunity to abort the action.
If no boxes are checked, or you have selected a 'Free' area, you will be advised that no valid programs are selected and the button will have no effect.


Read

Clicking the 'Read' button when one or more Program boxes are checked will bring up a standard Windows File Name box for you to enter a filename for each program/data file to be read from the storage device.

Downloadable program files will have the .dld extension and data files will have the .dat extension. (Existing files on your computer disk with the selected extension will be displayed greyed-out.)

If more than one Prog box is checked, you will be prompted for each subsequent filename until all requested programs have been read.
If no Prog boxes are checked, a message is displayed advising that no selections have been made, and the Read button will have no effect.

The selected program(s) will be saved to your computer hard (or floppy) disk.

CAUTION: When choosing program names ensure that you choose a new file name for each program, otherwise any existing files with the same name will be overwritten.

Saved program files can be read using any text reader/editor (e.g., Windows Notepad).
Downloadable programs can also be loaded into Campbell Scientific's 'Edlog' software with the 'Document DLD' option.


Store

Clicking the 'Store' button when one or more Program boxes are checked will bring up a Selection Box for you to enter the name of a program file to be downloaded and stored in the card or module. All downloadable files have the .dld extension. The program(s) will be stored in program areas 1 to 8 depending on the check box(es) you have selected. The Information bar at the top of the Selection Box will show the current 'Program Number' - 1,2 ,3 etc. If more than one program box is checked you will be prompted for each subsequent program name until complete.
If no Prog boxes are checked you are advised that no programs are selected and the button will have no effect.
If you attempt to Store a program into a location that already contains a program, you will be asked if it is OK to overwrite the existing program.


Data SM192
Data - SM192, SM716, SM4M and SM16M

 Clicking on the Data tab will bring up the Data Control option screen.
Before you attempt to get (collect) any data you should ensure that you are using the file format required.
Click on the appropriate buttons (in the Data Screen screen-shot) for further information on each format type.


ASCII
File Format - ASCII

This format is ASCII with Array Identifiers, and is the most 'readable' when printed. Each data value is preceded by an identifier. This format occupies the most disk space on the computer, and can be difficult to read into some data analysis packages.
This format is ambiguous for arrays of 100 or more points. IT IS THEREFORE NOT RECOMMENDED FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN PRINTING.

NOTE: If the data was stored from the datalogger in ASCII format, you should use the 'As Stored' format to collect data from the storage device. Storing data directly in ASCII format is inefficient in terms of use of the device memory, as printable ASCII requires five storage locations (10 bytes) as opposed to one for binary data.

Programs are skipped over when reading from the device with this option. Only data files are collected.


Comma Separated
File Format - Comma Separated

This format has array elements separated by commas. No element identifiers are included and all leading and trailing zeros are removed. Each array is terminated with a carriage return and line feed. Comma separated format is comparatively compact, can be imported into most data analysis packages and can also be read when printed.


As Stored
File Format - As Stored

When this option is used the software does not perform any decoding on the data in the card. Data is read out of the module and written to disk 'as it is' (8-bit data).
If data has been stored from a datalogger in a binary format, this option writes the data to disk in the same format. This is the most compact format for data storage on disk, but the data needs to be decoded before it can be read. The Campbell Scientific DOS program Split can be used to decode the data. If you wish to decode data with your own software please refer to the appropriate datalogger manual.
Programs are skipped over with this option - only data files are read.


Data Name
Datafile Name

Data files will be stored under a file name with the .DAT extension. When first using SMS the button in the file naming option screen will show the name DATA000.DAT.This name can be changed to any other name of your choice by clicking on the button, when a standard Windows-type file name box appears.

You may choose to Auto Increment the filename, to Append the data to a current file or to manually choose a new name for each file saved. Click on the radio buttons in the screen shot for further details of these options.


Auto Increment
File Name - Auto Increment Name

When the software is first used the program will always select a default filename and use automatic file incrementation. This means that the filename will initially be DATA000.DAT. Unless you change the default, further files will be saved in the sequence DATA001.DAT ... DATA999.DAT since automatic filename incrementation will be on. (This means that whenever you store new data files to disk, the name will automatically increment by changing the number by one.)

If you are collecting multiple files (as in the Get All command), the filename will be incremented automatically as each file is collected. The program will scan the disk for files with the same base filename. If a file is found with a later numeric suffix than the one you enter, the program will ask for confirmation to avoid the possibility of existing files being overwritten.

You may change the 'base' file name by clicking on the File Name button, but the last three letters of the eight possible characters will automatically be converted to digits if you have chosen auto incrementation.
For example, if you chose a file name of ANDREW.DAT the program would convert it to ANDRE000.DAT so that auto incrementation could take place.
If you want completely unique names for each file choose the 'New name for each file' option, and ensure that auto incrementation is off.


Append
File Name - Append to Current File

In this option files to be collected are added to the end of the current file (as indicated by the name on the filename button).


New Name
File Name - New name for each file

By selecting this option you have the flexibility to choose a completely different name for each collected file. The names can be any name conforming to standard Windows convention - up to eight letters/digits long. As the files are collected you will be prompted to enter a valid file name for each individual file.


Show Directory
Show Module/Card Directory

 The screen shot shows the Directory Structure of the module or card in its expanded or 'Unfolded' state. To return the directory to its concise or 'Folded' state use the 'Fold' button. For more information click on the buttons on the screen shot.


Advanced Settings SM192;
The Advanced Screen Settings - SM192/SM716

The 'Advanced' screen is accessed by clicking on the Advanced tab. The screen allows extra configuration utilities and a more comprehensive status report.


Erase Card
Erasing (clearing) Card Memory

There are three options for erasing data and programs from a storage card.
Click on the buttons in the screenshot for further information.


Unfold

If the directory structure is in its concise form (just showing file marks), clicking on the Unfold button will unfold (or expand) the directory to indicate the start of each Program or Data File in storage.


Fold

If the directory structure is in its expanded form (as shown in the screenshot), clicking on the Fold button will fold (or contract) the directory to its concise form, showing file mark pointers only.


Go

When a file mark is selected (highlighted) in the directory, clicking on the 'Go' button will move the display pointer to the location indicated by the file mark.


Save File

When a file mark referencing a data or program file is selected, clicking the Save File button will read the file and store it on your disk. A standard file name selection box is presented for you to choose a directory and file name.


View File

When a file mark referencing a data or program file is selected, clicking the View File button will read the file and display it on the screen.


Replacing Card Batteries
Replacing a Card Battery in the CSM1/MCR1

If, when you run the program, you get a warning in the Status window that the battery is DEAD, the battery in the card is close to being (or is) completely discharged.

CAUTION: DO NOT UNPLUG the card from the module or unplug the module from its power source at this stage. Collect any data that is present in the card before removing power from the card.

To prevent data loss in the card it is possible to change  the battery while it is still powered by the CSM1/MCR1. On some types of memory card it is not possible for the CSM1/MCR1 to detect the new battery until the card is unplugged from the module and plugged in again. With this type of card the warning that the battery is dead is displayed until the card is removed and re-inserted.
Normally you should get (collect) all data, remove the card, replace the battery and then click on 'Erase and Test Card' in the Erase section of the program to reformat and test the card.
If the battery status displays 'LOW' you should change the battery as soon as possible as it will have less than 3% of its original capacity. If the battery status is 'DEAD' the module will not allow you to store any data in the card.

See also General Information about Card Batteries


Battery Information
General Information about Card Batteries

The make and type of battery supplied with the memory card can vary with the specific manufacturer and the size of the card. The batteries fitted in the cards are readily available from electrical suppliers. You should ensure that any replacement batteries are compatible with those recommended by the manufacturer of the card. Please refer to the manufacturer's instructions for further details on removing and replacing batteries.
There are two lithium-based technologies used in batteries - see Campbell Scientific's CSM1 manual for further discussion on battery technology.

To optimise the life of your back-up battery you should:
a)  Leave the card plugged into a powered-up CSM1 for as long as possible.
b)  When using the cards at very high or low temperatures, try to return them to a temperature close to room-temperature as soon as they are unplugged from the storage module; e.g., in a very cold situation, unplug the card and transfer it to an inside pocket of your coat.
c)  When the card will not be used for long periods, remove the battery from the card and store it separately.


Battery Status
Battery Status Detection

There are three levels of battery status - OK, LOW and DEAD.

The exact detection is done within the card itself - the status line only reflects the output from the card. The exact battery voltage threshold the card indicates varies with the card manufacturer. The terminal voltage of the battery also varies with battery type and temperature. In particular, at low temperatures, where the battery voltage is reduced, the LOW indication may be rather pessimistic. The storage module only prevents data storage in the card when the card indicates that the battery is DEAD. If the card is being used at very low temperatures and is almost exhausted, the dead indication may be given when the card is still able to hold data. In an emergency, you may be able to continue to use the card for a short period by warming it, which will cause the battery voltage to rise slightly, before placing it in the storage module.

NOTE: Some card types only measure the battery voltage when the card is first powered up. The level of indication is then held in a latch. Other card types monitor the battery voltage continuously.


File
The Menu Bar - File

Clicking on File or pressing Alt+F will produce the File drop-down menu as follows:

Terminal Emulator
Show Directory
Exit

Click on the options above for further details.


Options
The Menu Bar - Options

Clicking on Options on the Menu Bar produces a drop-down menu with two further options:

Enable Pop-Up Hints
Save Settings on Exit

Clicking on either of these options acts as a toggle. If Pop-Up Hints are enabled, a check appears at the left hand side of the name. By clicking on the name, the Pop-Up Hints in the main program screen can be enabled/disabled as indicated by the check.

If you want to save all your set-up information when you leave SMS, ensure that Save Settings on Exit is checked. Again, this option may be enabled/disabled by clicking the mouse on the name.

The underscored character in the name is the 'hot-key' for keyboard access.


Help
The Menu Bar - Help

Clicking on the Help option on the menu bar, (or pressing Alt+H), produces a further drop-down menu with five options:
Contents
Getting Started
Search for Help On
How to Use Help
About...
These options exist to help you to find information quickly and easily.

However, if you need to contact Campbell Scientific regarding this software, you may be asked to quote the Version Number. This can be found by clicking About... (or pressing Alt+A).

For any further assistance with SMS or other data acquisition needs, please contact Campbell Scientific or your distributor.


Terminal
The Menu Bar - File / Terminal

Clicking on File / Terminal on the Menu Bar (or pressing Alt+F, followed by T) produces a 'Terminal Emulator' screen, which allows you to communicate directly with the Storage Module and is provided so that you can issue Storage module telecommunication commands manually. This option is seldom used because all normal operations can be accomplished easily by using other sections of the software.
Keyboard entries are transmitted from the COM port to the storage module, and storage module responses are displayed on the computer screen. Pressing ESC exits this mode and returns you to the main SMS screen.
You are unlikely to need Terminal Mode unless you are trying to diagnose problems with a corrupted card.

Full details of direct card communication using telecom commands are given in Campbell Scientific's Storage Module Manuals.


Exit
Menu Bar - File / Exit

Clicking File / Exit on the Menu Bar (or pressing Alt+F, followed by E) will completely exit the program, close all communications and return you to PC208W.
Alternatively, you can exit the system by double-clicking the small box at the top left-hand corner of the SMS screen, or by single clicking this box and choosing Close from the drop-down menu.
Additionally, Windows 95 and later users can exit by clicking the small 'Exit' icon at the top right-hand corner of the screen.

Do not use this option merely to return to the SMS screen. To return to SMS click the mouse anywhere on the screen outside the drop-down menu box.


Menu Data
The Menu Bar - Data

Clicking on the Data option on the menu bar (or pressing Alt+D on the keyboard) produces a drop-down menu with five further options:

Get All
Get New
Get One
Insert File Mark
Next File Mark

These options are also available from the main SMS/Data screens (which give more detailed information) - please click on topic title above for further information.


Via Datalogger
Via Datalogger (SM192/SM716 and SM4M/SM16M Storage Modules only)

When an SM192/SM716 or SM4M/SM16M module is connected to certain datalogger models direct communications can be established between the computer and the datalogger. See the Connection Diagrams for how to connect in this way. The communication rate established is subject to the datalogger model and type of storage module being used.

Note that for CR10/10X and CR500/510 dataloggers the connection can only be made at 9600 baud (as this is the maximum baud rate that these dataloggers will support for initial communications).
The CR23X will support communications at baud rates up to 38400 when using the RS232 port, depending on the storage device being used. However, if using an SC32A interface, the baud rate will be limited to 19200 for both normal communications and also when communicating with the module from a computer.

To summarize:
The Via Datalogger check box can be used when the modules are connected to the computer via an appropriate datalogger - see Connection Diagrams for more information.
Checking this box will enable the 'target address' buttons. How the Via Datalogger function works depends on the datalogger and storage device being used, and is summarized below:

SM192 and SM716 Storage Modules
For the SM192 and SM716 modules, checking the 'Via Datalogger' box does nothing more than select a datalogger-compatible baud rate and enable the target address check boxes. In any case, as long as the selected baud rate is compatible with an attached datalogger, SMS will detect the datalogger and connect in the correct manner.

SM4M and SM16M Storage Modules
Because the SM4M and SM16M modules are compatible with a larger ranges of dataloggers, you can select the datalogger model from the selection box. With CR10/10X and CR500/510 dataloggers, the maximum baud rate that can be used is 9600, and should be set in the baud rate settings box.
For the CR23X datalogger, (unless you are using an SC32A interface - see above), any speed up to a maximum of 38400 baud can be used, which, again, is set using the baud rate settings box.


Target Address
Target Address ('SM' Modules Only)

The Target Address selector is an aid for connecting to specific module addresses via a datalogger - see help on 'Via Datalogger'. If SMS detects a datalogger, the 'Via Datalogger' box is automatically ticked and a connection is made.

The datalogger can be connected to up to 8 storage modules simultaneously - each having a different address. The 'Target Address' selector is then used when you want to access a module with a specific address.

Selecting the Autobutton will automatically connect to the lowest numbered responding module at the specified baud rate.

The physical address of any connected storage module is shown on the 'Advanced' status screen. Changing the physical address will not change the selected target address, and, in fact, will not have any noticeable effect until you disconnect from the storage module.


Filemark
File Marks - Display Pointer

File Marks are used to separate data in the storage device.
A File Mark is automatically placed in the device's memory when it is connected to a power source (a datalogger or retrieval interface), or when a datalogger compiles a program containing Instruction 96.
For example, if you have retrieved data from one datalogger and disconnected  the Storage module and then connected it to another datalogger, a File Mark is placed in the data when the second datalogger is connected. This mark follows the data from the first datalogger and precedes the data from the second.
The pointer can be moved to the next file mark in the data by clicking on the green arrow. Repeated clicks move the pointer to subsequent file marks until the last one is read.


Printer Baud Rate
Baud Rate - Printer Enable Mode - 'SM' Storage Modules

Printer baud rate when data is collected by the Printer Enable (PE) method.

For this method of collection you must ensure that the baud rate of the Storage Module and the datalogger are matched. Most Campbell Scientific dataloggers have selectable baud rates. You can select the baud rate using the Baud Rate setting box in the Printer Enable Mode section.

Note:
The 76,800/9600 setting is the default after an SM reset. In this setting the SM can automatically change from capturing data at 76,800 baud to capturing data at 9600 baud.

Baud rate errors (baud rate mismatches between SM and datalogger) cause the SM to increment its error counter and enter a low power standby state.


ChecksumSM192
Checksum - SM192/716

For these storage devices the PROM checksum is displayed on the Advanced screen.
On start-up the value may be displayed as a series of ?????? (as shown). The true value can be obtained by clicking the 'Checksum' button.
Once displayed, this value is latched and will normally remain until you disconnect or remove power from the storage module.
You can recheck the value at any time by clicking the 'Checksum' button.


Loaded Battery Test
Test Battery - SM192/716

The value shown under 'UnLoaded' is for the state of the backup battery when compared to a 2.5V DC reference without any load on the battery.

Loaded Battery Test

The battery can also be checked when a 100 ohm load is connected for 1 second. This test does shorten the overall battery life by approximately 3 minutes, but is a much better test of the battery's integrity.
Before a loaded battery test is carried out, a series of ???? (as shown) will be displayed. This will be replaced by the true value after the test is complete.
It is particularly important to carry out a Loaded Battery test if the battery is more than four years old and you are intending to leave the Storage Module unattended to collect data for several months or you are leaving the module unattended to collect data in cold weather.
NOTE: Failure to check the battery can lead to data loss.

(The loaded battery test function is only available using a mouse.)

WARNING: STORAGE MODULES SHOULD NORMALLY BE RETURNED TO CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC FOR BATTERY REPLACEMENT.

IMPROPER USER REPLACEMENT MAY RESULT IN AN EXPLOSION.

Contact Campbell Scientific or your local dealer for further information. Also see documentation shipped with your system.


Encoding
Switch Settings - Mode (Data Encoding)

These check boxes allow you to select how data is encoded when using the Print Enable mode. (This switch has no effect in the 'CR10/10X' mode.)

Encode ASCII.
The normal (default) setting for this switch is 'Encode ASCII'. The Storage Module will encode incoming Printer Enable Method printable ASCII data and store it as Campbell Scientific Final Storage Format (binary) data.

No Encoding.
When the switch is set to 'No Encoding' it means that incoming data will be stored 'as is', regardless of its format. This permits storage of raw ASCII data.

NOTE: If the baud rate used is 76,800, data is stored 'as is' regardless of the Encoding switch setting.

NOTE: Raw ASCII data will take up much more storage space than encoded data, and so it is generally recommended that data is always stored as binary.


Storage Mode
Storage Mode - 'SM' Storage Modules

Ring Mode
When the storage mode is set to Ring Mode, data is stored sequentially. When all memory locations become full the ring memory 'wraps around' and new data is then written over the oldest data stored  in memory. To avoid data loss, all data should be retrieved from the module before this occurs.

Fill and Stop
When the storage mode is set to Fill and Stop, data is stored sequentially, but, when all memory locations become full, no more data is stored.

As an example, when multiple storage modules are used in a CR10X system each should be assigned its own address and set to Fill and Stop.


Glossary
Terminology

 An explanation of some of the terminolgy used in the SMS Help System

CHECKSUM - Unique value encoded into a PROM
DLP - Display Location Pointer
DP - Dump Pointer
GOOD FLASH BLOCKS - The number of good FLASH BLOCKS found in an SM4M/SM16M module following a Status check.
GOOD PAGES - Available number of 16kb pages (blocks) of memory found in a memory card following a Status check.
GOOD RAM CHIPS -  The number of good RAM chips found in an SM192/SM716 module following a Status check.
PE - Printer Enable
PROM - Programmable Read Only Memory
RAM - Random Access Memory
SIGNATURE - Similar to CHECKSUM. Unique value encoded into a PROM.
SM - Storage Module
SMS - Storage Module Software
SRP - Storage Reference Pointer


Module Address
Module Address - 'SM' Storage Modules

Clicking on the Module Address selector produces a drop-down box (see below) listing all unused addresses, so that you can safely select a free address. Changing the physical address will not change the selected target address.

See Target Address for further details.


Insert File Mark
Menu Option - Insert File Mark

This option allows you to insert a file mark at the current Storage Reference Pointer position, unless a file mark already exits at the location immediately before the one selected.

See also Filemarks


CSM1 Main Screen
CSM1/MCR1 Module Screen

The screen-shot has 'hot-spots' which can be clicked to give further information on various topics.
Similar screen-shots for the PC Card and SM192/SM716 & SM4M/SM16M storage modules can be accessed by clicking on the appropriate tabs.


PC Card Main Screen
PC Card  Screen

The screen-shot has 'hot-spots' which can be clicked to give further information on various topics. This screen-shot includes the Advanced Status Screen since the standard Status Screen is identical to the CSM1/MCR1 screen.
Similar screen-shots for the CSM1/MCR1 and SM192/SM716 & SM4M/SM16M storage modules can be accessed by clicking on the appropriate tabs.


Sockets
Card Location - Sockets

When the computer is set up to use a PC Card reader, SMS automatically senses the communications socket being used and this display indicates the socket number.


Card Format
PC Card - Card Format Type

Shows the format code of the card currently in use. This is an internal reference for use by Campbell Scientific and so has little significance for the end-user.


Card Information
PC Card - Card Services Information

SMS supports all compliant Card Services cards, and information given here may be used for diagnostic purposes.

Other messages which are supplied as part of the particular card manufacturer's information, such as Version Number and Release Numbers, are also shown in this area. The specific message will depend on the individual manufacturer.

NOTE: See the SMS User Guide and the Setup facility help system for full details of PC Cards and driver specifications and requirements.


Program Location CSM1
Program Location and Status

By clicking on the radio buttons you can select which program location you wish to use to store or retrieve a progam.
There are eight memory locations available, and the program information box will either display a number indicating the starting position in memory of the program (filemark) or will say 'Free' for an unused location.


Programs CSM1
Programs - CSM1/MCR1 and PC Card

 Clicking the Programs tab brings up the Program Control option screen.
The screen-shot shows the program selection radio buttons and program manipulation buttons.
Datalogger programs can be stored in a card or module for subsequent downloading into a datalogger.
The programs are stored in the same memory available for data storage and are stored in up to eight memory locations. With the correct version of datalogger software, the program in location 8 can be automatically loaded, compiled and run in a datalogger on start-up of the datalogger. (See appropriate Storage Module manuals for more details.)
There are 8 program boxes and on a live system there will be either a number of digits or the word 'Free' in the 'Location' column on the right-hand side of each box, indicating the program status in the card or module. The digits refer to the starting position (filemark) of each of the programs.
There are also three buttons - Clear, Store  and Read. Click on a button for more details.


Program Location SM192
Program Location and Status

By clicking on the radio buttons you can select which program location you wish to use to store or retrieve a progam.
There are eight memory locations available, and the program information box will either say 'Used' or 'Free' indicating if a program is in that location.


Advanced Settings CSM1
The Advanced Screen Settings - CSM1/MCR1

The 'Advanced' screen is accessed by clicking on the Advanced tab. The screen allows extra configuration utilities and a more comprehensive status report.


ChecksumCSM1
Calculate / Re-Calculate Checksum - Card Storage Modules

For all storage devices the PROM checksum is displayed on the Advanced screen.
On start-up the value may be displayed as a series of ??????. The true value can be obtained by clicking the 'Re-Calculate Checksum' button.
Once displayed, this value is latched and will normally remain until you disconnect or remove power from the storage module.
You can recheck the value at any time by clicking the 'Re-Calculate Checksum' button.


Printer Enable Method
'SM' Storage Modules - Printer Enable Method of Data Storage

Data from 21X and CR7 dataloggers with older PROMS, and data from non-datalogger devices are stored in the Storage Module using the 'Print Enable' mode.

Full details of this storage method can be found in the Storage Module User Guide.


Number of Programs
Number of Programs in Card or Storage Module

The Programs line of the 'Card Values' or 'Module Values' section indicates the number of valid programs currently in the card or storage module.


Folder Icon

The directory listing can also be folded/unfolded by clicking on the folder icons. The result is identical to using the Fold/Unfold buttons.


Write Protect

This display indicates whether the PC Card has its write-protection device 'Enabled' or 'Not Enabled'.


Erase Data

This option erases DATA only from the card or module. Any programs are temporarily off-loaded to disk, the card/module memory is erased and the pointers reset. The PROGRAMS are then copied back to the card so only data areas are erased. Before any data is erased you will have the chance to cancel the option.


Erase and Test Card

This option is similar to the Erase Data and Programs option except that a full integrity test is carried out on the card. This option takes considerably longer than the Erase option.

CAUTION: All programs and data will be erased with this option - you will have the opportunity to cancel before the operation is carried out.


Erase Data and Programs

Erases all data and programs from the card or module - no other checks or verification of the card is done.

CAUTION: This option will completely erase all data and programs from the card or module. You will have chance to cancel the option before the card/module is erased.


Abort

Clicking on this button will abort the current operation. For example, clicking 'Abort' while attempting to establish connections between a storage module and computer will abort that operation.
Note that some rapid operations (e.g., reading/writing small program files) will often be completed before the abort option can take place.


Erase Module
Erasing (clearing) Module Memory

There are three options for erasing data and programs from a storage module.
Click on the buttons in the screenshot for further information.


Erase and Test Module

This option is similar to the Erase Data and Programs option except that a full integrity test is carried out on the module. This option takes considerably longer than the Erase option.

CAUTION: All programs and data will be erased with this option - you will have the opportunity to cancel before the operation is carried out.


Data CSM1
Data - CSM1/MCR1 and PC Card

 Clicking on the Data tab will bring up the Data Control option screen.
Before you attempt to get (collect) any data you should ensure that you are using the file format required.
Click on the appropriate buttons (in the Data Screen screen-shot) for further information on each format type.


Replacing the SM192/716 Battery
Replacing the SM192/SM716 Battery

The SM192/SM716 is powered by 5V DC from the datalogger or other peripheral device.
When it is disconnected from this primary power supply, memory backup power is provided by an internal 3.5V DC lithium thionyl chloride battery. About 6 years of RAM backup power can be expected from the internal battery at room temperature. Higher temperatures increase current drain of the RAM chips and the self-discharge rate of the battery, while lower temperatures decrease battery capacity.

Before using the storage module in critical applications, perform a loaded battery test.

WARNING: STORAGE MODULES SHOULD NORMALLY BE RETURNED TO CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC FOR BATTERY REPLACEMENT.

IMPROPER REPLACEMENT BY THE END USER MAY RESULT IN AN EXPLOSION.

Contact Campbell Scientific or your local dealer for further information. Also see documentation shipped with your system.


SetupCard
Setup PC Card

This button is used when you want to set up Card Services on your PC to work with SMS. Note that Card Services are NOT set up automatically for use with SMS, and so you should always use this setup facility.
Even if you are already using PC Cards with your PC which appear to work OK, it is still recommended that you use the setup facility provided.

When you click on the 'Setup PC Card' button, you will be guided through the correct setup procedure, and the optimum software drivers will be used. Separate on-line help  is provided during the setup procedure.


SM4MainScreen
SM4M/SM16M Module Screen

The screen-shot has 'hot-spots' which can be clicked to give further information on various topics.
Similar screen-shots for the CSM1/MCR1, PC Card and SM192/SM716 storage modules can be accessed by clicking on the appropriate tabs.


Slow Computers
Slower Computers and High Baud Rate Settings

The default baud rate for the SM4M and SM16M storage modules is set to 115,200  to allow the quickest possible extraction of data from these much higher capacity devices.
If using a modern Pentium-based PC with buffered serial ports, you should have no problems communicating at this speed.
However, if using a slower machine, such as a pre-Pentium PC, or a MAC running a PC emulator, and you get a large number of communication errors, you should (as with any communication error problem) select a progressively lower baud rate until the communication errors disappear.


SwitchSettingsSM4
Switch Settings for SM4M and SM16M

The Switch Settings box gives the status of configurable switches for the Storage Module:
These are:

1	Baud Rate Setting
2	Ring / Fill and Stop Setting
3	Module Address


AdvancedSettingsSM4
The Advanced Screen Settings - SM4M/SM16M

The 'Advanced' screen is accessed by clicking on the Advanced tab. The screen allows extra configuration utilities and a more comprehensive status report.


SignatureSM4
Signature - SM4M/SM16M

For these storage devices the PROM signature is displayed on the Advanced screen.
On start-up the value may be displayed as a series of ??????. The true value can be shown by clicking the 'Signature' button.
Once displayed, this value is latched and will normally remain until you disconnect or remove power from the storage module.
You can recheck the value at any time by clicking the 'Signature' button.


Format Card

A new card can be formatted by using the 'Erase' function.
Click on the 'Erase' tab on the main SMS screen for the CSM1/MCR1 or PC Card. You will see three options.
It is best to choose either 'Erase Data and Programs' or, for a more thorough test of the card, choose 'Erase and Test Card'. This option takes more time, but does a thorough check of the card, and is to be advised if you are not sure of the integrity of the card.
After completion of the chosen option, the card is ready for use.


ModulePointersSM4
Module Pointers - SM4/SM16M

This panel shows the current status of the module:
Data Block Size shows the physical size of data flash blocks in bytes.
Data Memory Size shows the total data memory in the module in bytes. (NB: 2 bytes per location).
Max. Program Size shows the maximum size currently available, in bytes, for the storage of progams.
Program Area Size shows the total capacity for programs in the module, in bytes.


Tools
The Menu Bar - Tools

Clicking on Tools on the Menu Bar, or pressing the Alt+T keys from any main SMS screen, produces a drop-down menu with six further options:

Setup
Programs
Data
Erase
Status
Advanced

These options are provided primarily for those using SMS from the keyboard only, and provide a way of getting to the indicated screens by using the underscored character.
From any of the main SMS screens, use the Alt+T keys to get to Tools on the Menu Bar. Then use the underscored character key to go to the tabbed page required.
For example, pressing Alt+T from a main screen will enable the 'Tools' drop-down menu, and pressing the 'D' key will open the Data tab.